Latex Hypersensitivity

Latex hypersensitivity is a growing concern for patients and healthcare workers. This report reviews available literature concerning the incidence, etiology, treatment, and prevention of this serious reaction. Although most allergic reactions to natural rubber are type IV hypersensitivity reaction or contact dermatitis, some people have type I or anaphylactic reactions. The risk of latex allergy increases with exposure to latex. At greatest risk are patients who undergo multiple surgeries and prolonged catheterization with latex catheters. Despite the typical presentation of anaphylaxis, symptoms of latex allergy may progress from mild to severe in seconds. Strict avoidance of latex is a must. Some patients may require premedication with corticosteroids, H1-antagonists, and H2-antagonists. Anyone with an allergy to latex should wear a Medic Alert bracelet or pendant alerting healthcare workers to their sensitivity. Healthcare workers who are sensitive should use non-latex gloves and equipment.This paper was originally published in Adverse Drug Reaction News, a publication of the Drug Information Service, Department of Pharmacy Services. University Hospital, University of Utah. It is reprinted with permission.