Key result
Walking for ≥1 hour per day was associated with a reduced risk of pneumonia mortality compared to walking 0.5 hours per day among elderly individuals without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke (HR 0.90).
Why the study?
Does regular daily walking reduce pneumonia mortality in elderly individuals with or without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke?
Cohort (n=22,280)
Yes
Does regular daily walking reduce pneumonia mortality in elderly individuals with or without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke?
Hazard Ratio: 0.9 (95% CI 0.82–0.98)
p-value: p=<0.001
Regular daily walking of at least 1 hour per day is associated with reduced pneumonia mortality in elderly individuals, including those with a history of myocardial infarction.
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May support ≥1h daily walking to lower pneumonia mortality in elderly without prior MI/stroke; hypothesis-generating, needs RCTs before practice change.
BACKGROUND: The association between daily walking and pneumonia mortality, stratified by the presence of disease conditions, such as myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke, was investigated. METHODS: The study participants were 22,280 Japanese individuals (9,067 men and 13,213 women) aged 65-79 years. Inverse propensity weighted competing risk model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for pneumonia mortality. RESULTS: After a median of 11.9 years of follow-up, 1,203 participants died of pneumonia. Participants who did not have a history of MI or stroke and who walked for 1 hour/day or more were less likely to die from pneumonia (HR 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.98) than those walked for 0.5 hours/day. A similar inverse association of pneumonia and walking (0.5 hours/day) was observed among participants with a history of MI (HR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.48-0.90). Among the participants with a history of stroke, those who walked for 0.6-0.9 hours/day were less likely to die because of pneumonia (HR 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43-0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Regular walking for ≥1 hour/day may reduce the risk of pneumonia mortality in elderly individuals with or without cardiovascular disease history.
Ukawa et al. (2018) conducted a cohort in Elderly individuals with or without a medical history of myocardial infarction or stroke (n=22,280). Daily walking ≥1 hour/day vs. Daily walking 0.5 hours/day was evaluated on Pneumonia mortality (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.98, p=<0.001). Walking for ≥1 hour per day was associated with a reduced risk of pneumonia mortality compared to walking 0.5 hours per day among elderly individuals without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke (HR 0.90).
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