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In this era of fiscal constraint following the globalfinancial crisis, marine protected areas (MPAs)occupy a remarkable position in the economiclandscape. Few government authorities seemconcerned about the prevalence of white elephants illusionary MPAs that carry a financial cost.Whereas no government minister would considerdeveloping a health system based solely onnumber of hospital beds (irrespective of whetherall hospitals are concentrated within a single city,or occupants of beds have access to medical staff,or patients are living or dying), MPAs are largelyassessed on a single numerical target (total area).Inconsistent self-identification adds an extra levelof opaqueness. The net consequence is anunaccountable and under-performing system, anoutcome that is both tragic and economicallywasteful.
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Graham J. Edgar (2017) studied this question.
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