Exploring the Influence of Heat Stress on Gene Expression in Bovine Myeloid Cells In Vitro

Heat stress affects cattle production and suppresses immune function in cows. However, the effects of heat stress on myeloid lineage cells are unexplored. In this study, we aimed to identify genes affected by heat stress. We established three immortalized bovine myeloid cell lines and performed RNA sequencing to investigate their potential target genes. We identified 765 differentially expressed genes. We performed real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis on the top three upregulated genes, C-C motif chemokine ligand 17, CD1e molecule, and beta-carotene oxygenase 2, as well as the downregulated genes, RNA-binding motif protein 3, HD domain containing 2, and solute carrier family 25 member 12, to validate the RNA sequencing results. Our analysis revealed that heat stress affected 14 Gene Ontology processes and 13 molecular pathways. Our study provides a comprehensive gene expression profile of bovine myeloid cells under heat-stress conditions.