Graphite felts modified by vertical two-dimensional WO 3 nanowall arrays: high-performance electrode materials for cerium-based redox flow batteries

. Moreover, the long-term cycling performance confirms the superior durability of the as-prepared WGF. This study suggests that the use of 2D nanostructures combined with vertical array microstructures is a promising strategy for efficient electrocatalysts toward cerium redox reactions with scale-up potential.