Proportional navigation and weaving targets

Sinusoidal or weave maneuvers on the part of the target can make it particularly difficult for a pursuing missile to hit. Normalized design curves are presented so that the guidance system designer can easily assess the influence of weave maneuvers on missile system performance. These curves show how the target weave frequency and amplitude along with the interceptor guidance system tune constant and effective navigation ratio determine the size of the miss distance. Acceleration saturation effects also are considered as a further important influence on system performance. Finally, suggestions are made showing how to improve system performance.