Non-invasive and functional imaging techniques have significantly improved the management and risk stratification of patients with carotid artery disease.
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Non-invasive imaging may refine carotid strategies; leaves open need for updated trials to guide practice.
The early management of patients with carotid artery disease was based on minimal investigative knowledge without much appreciation of its pathophysiological significance. During the last decade, however, the advent of non-invasive and functional imaging has increased our awareness and the significance of extracranial cervical vascular disease. This has led to more logical management strategies particularly for patients with carotid artery disease. Non-invasive imaging, in particular, has identified patients at risk and led to the establishment of large randomized trials of medical and surgical treatments, the recent results of which have altered management practice.
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Bone et al. (1993) studied this question.
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