Real‐time electromagnetic transient and transient stability co‐simulation based on hybrid line modelling

This study presents a different approach to co‐simulation based on an electromagnetic transient and transient stability (TS) hybrid line model for real‐time (RT) hardware‐in‐the‐loop applications. In the presented co‐simulation scheme, instead of resorting to equivalent systems, the detailed and external systems are linked through a simple hybrid line model that accounts for wave propagation in both electromagnetic and TS simulation paradigms. After presenting and discussing the hybrid line model, the Hypersim RT co‐simulation platform is detailed and the impacts of the RT constraint on various aspects of co‐simulation software are explained. Two application cases are then presented: the first one to illustrate the validity of the presented approach and the second one to illustrate the performance of the RT co‐simulation platform. This study concludes by describing the remaining challenges for future work.