The common anaemia in premature infants is iron deficiency anaemia, but megaloblastic anaemia can also occur and here we report three such cases. Our interest in megaloblastic anaemia was stimulated by a recent case in which megaloblastic anaemia developed when a low phenylalanine diet was being given for treatment of phenylketonuria (Royston and Parry, 1962). In the discussion of this paper Royston and Parry advocated the need for more frequent marrow biopsy in the unexplained anaemias of infancy. As a result of this policy we have discovered the follow- ing cases in premature infants.
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Gray et al. (1965) studied this question.
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