Antecedent Carbapenem Exposure as a Risk Factor for Non-Carbapenemase-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) can be mechanistically classified into carbapenemase-producingEnterobacteriaceae(CPE) and non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem nonsusceptibleEnterobacteriaceae(NCPCRE). We sought to investigate the effect of antecedent carbapenem exposure as a risk factor for NCPCRE versus CPE. Among all patients with CRE colonization and infection, we conducted a case-control study comparing patients with NCPCRE (cases) and patients with CPE (controls).