Chemical characteristics of an Ilex Kuding tea polysaccharide and its protective effects against high fructose-induced liver injury and vascular endothelial dysfunction in mice

and eNOS levels in the serum compared to HF-fed mice. Meanwhile, the hepatic MDA level was lowered while SOD and GSH-Px activities were increased in IKTP-treated mice, compared to HF-fed mice. Histopathology of the liver and cardiovascular aortic by H&E or oil red O staining confirmed the liver steatosis and the vascular injury induced by HF-diets and the protective effects of IKTP. These findings suggest that HF causes oxidative damage, and IKTP alleviates liver injury and vascular endothelial dysfunction.