This paper reports studies undertaken on hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) synthesized in HEMRL by a viable method. The purity of the synthesized HNF was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the compound was characterized by elemental analysis, ultraviolet, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR), and electron impact mass spectroscopy. Detailed studies on the crystallographic nature and surface chemistry of HNF were undertaken by applying scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS). SEM shows layered needle-shaped crystals of HNF. The d values obtained in XRD spectra establish monoclinic structure, as reported by other investigators. TEM provides confirmatory data. The XPS study offers additional information regarding the surface chemistry of HNF. The evidence is in favor of intermolecular hydrogen bonding to a large extent. Thermal studies were also conducted as part of this work. Differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry results reveal two-stage decomposition of HNF. DSC results correspond to the activation energy of ~150 kJ/mol for both the stages of decomposition.
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Dendage et al. (2003) studied this question.