3D-Printed Electrode/Electrolyte Architectures for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries: Mechanisms, Materials, and Challenges

The advent of 3D printing technology has a significant development in the field of science and technology. As an important energy storage device, lithium-ion batteries are progressively incorporating 3D printing technology to construct nanomicro structures, thereby enhancing the electrochemical performance. The precise control of the structure and shape of the anode/cathode materials allows for improvements in the energy density and cycling performance of the batteries. Furthermore, 3D printing technology can be employed in the fabrication of solid-state electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries to enhance their conductivity and durability. The application of 3D printing technology in lithium-ion batteries has considerable potential for improving battery performance and simplifying construction processes. Thus, this review has sought to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying the various 3D printing methods while also analyzing the different 3D printing methods adopted in electrode/electrolyte manufacturing over recent years. What's more, it has discussed the challenges associated with the 3D printing method in manufacturing lithium-ion batteries.