Endocrine Exophthalmos: Concepts and Surgical Management

Endocrine exophthalmos is an entity distinctly different from the ocular involvement associated with thyrotoxicosis. An alteration of normal pituitary gland function is probably the underlying cause of this condition. Once medical measures have failed, orbital decompression may alter deterioration of vision, globe exposure, or the psychological effects of proptosis. Of all the procedures used, the one done by the transantral approach to the bony orbital cage seems to be the most effective and reliable. Optimum overall care of these patients is best achieved by the combined approach of both the otolaryngologist and the ophthalmologist.