The relationship between preoperative systemic inflammation markers and postoperative complications in patients undergoing abdominal surgery

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between preoperative systemic inflammation markers and postoperative complications. Methods This study was conducted as a retrospective, single-center observational study. A total of 674 patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were included in the study. Data were collected through patient information forms, preoperative and postoperative laboratory values, and calculation of systemic inflammation markers. Independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson chi-square test, Wilcoxon test, Spearman correlation analysis, and multivariable logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results Data from 674 patients with a mean age of 57.17 ± 16.21 years were analyzed. Clavien-Dindo sınıflandırmasına göre hastaların %39,6’sında en az bir komplikasyon görülmüştür. A significant positive correlation was found between perioperative findings and systemic inflammation markers. Among the parameters evaluated, NLR (AUC = 0.995) and SII (AUC = 0.957) demonstrated the highest discriminative power, both remaining robust independent predictors in multivariable analysis. Conclusion This study demonstrated that measuring systemic inflammation markers preoperatively could be the easiest and most cost-effective method to predict postoperative complications. Therefore, routine assessment of these parameters before surgery may aid in the early identification of patients at risk, allowing for appropriate treatment planning.