Holographic modeling demonstrates hadronic instability under strong anisotropy in a three-dimensional QCD-like theory, highlighting the breakdown of confinement.
A bstract Using the gauge-gravity duality, we construct the anisotropic D3/D7 approach as a three-dimensional QCD-like theory and systematically investigate the hadronic mass spectra, dragging terms, and lowest-order dragging interactions within this holographic framework. Our derivation illustrates that the dragging terms in the effective action are indispensable for an anisotropic theory as they crucially govern the transport properties of the dual theory. The numerical results further reveal that the hadronic sector becomes unstable when the anisotropy significantly exceeds the confinement energy scale, which is consistent with our earlier findings that the confining phase itself breaks down under sufficiently large anisotropy. Thus, this work provides constructive insights into the role of anisotropy in gauge field theories through the gauge-gravity duality.
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Si-wen Li (2026) studied this question.
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