Conceptual analysis reveals five key dimensions of electric vehicle charging poverty across diverse user groups, highlighting critical barriers to socially inclusive transport decarbonization.
We define “charging poverty” as the inability to afford or access sufficient, reliable, and socially inclusive electric vehicle charging. We develop a conceptual framework that structures recurring constraints into five dimensions: economic, spatial, functional, temporal, and digital, illustrated across a typology of users and associated indicators. We also propose a research agenda and policy responses to help identify, monitor, and address charging inequalities as transport electrification expands.
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Xylia et al. (2026) studied this question.
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