What does this research mean for the field?

Early tuberculosis treatment non-response is associated with an immunodepressive state characterized by the enrichment of non-classical monocytes and increased LGALS9 expression in CD4+ Tregs. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To characterize the immune cell landscape and molecular signaling pathways associated with 2-month sputum culture conversion status in tuberculosis patients.

September 3, 2026Journal of Cellular and Molecular MedicineOpen Access

Single‐Cell Immune Profiling Suggests Non‐Classical Monocyte Is Associated Immunodepression in Tuberculosis Treatment Non‐Responders

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Authors

YXYiqun XiongNingbo No. 2 Hospital YQYahong QuNingbo No. 2 Hospital YWYing WangNingbo No. 2 Hospital

Discussion

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Implication

Observational single-cell study reveals non-classical monocyte enrichment and immunosuppressive signaling in tuberculosis treatment non-responders, suggesting potential biomarkers of early failure.

Key Points

To characterize the immune cell landscape and molecular signaling pathways associated with 2-month sputum culture conversion status in tuberculosis patients.
Conducted single-cell RNA sequencing on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from eight patients with tuberculosis (N=8).
Stratified patients by 2-month sputum culture conversion status and applied CellChat analysis to model intercellular communications.
Non-responders exhibited relative enrichment of non-classical monocytes, higher tuberculosis progression risk scores, and altered IL16 and TRAIL signaling.
CD4+ regulatory T cells in non-responders demonstrated elevated LGALS9 expression with inferred GALECTIN signaling toward cytotoxic lymphocytes, alongside correlated HAVCR2 and TIGIT co-expression.
Mature natural killer cell subclusters showed distinct enrichment patterns between responders and non-responders.

Cite This Study

Xiong et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a993586636c6408cfa7dcac https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.71345

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September 3, 2026Journal of Cellular and Molecular MedicineOpen Access

Single‐Cell Immune Profiling Suggests Non‐Classical Monocyte Is Associated Immunodepression in Tuberculosis Treatment Non‐Responders

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Authors

YXYiqun XiongNingbo No. 2 Hospital YQYahong QuNingbo No. 2 Hospital YWYing WangNingbo No. 2 Hospital

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Observational single-cell study reveals non-classical monocyte enrichment and immunosuppressive signaling in tuberculosis treatment non-responders, suggesting potential biomarkers of early failure.

Key Points

To characterize the immune cell landscape and molecular signaling pathways associated with 2-month sputum culture conversion status in tuberculosis patients.
Conducted single-cell RNA sequencing on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from eight patients with tuberculosis (N=8).
Stratified patients by 2-month sputum culture conversion status and applied CellChat analysis to model intercellular communications.
Non-responders exhibited relative enrichment of non-classical monocytes, higher tuberculosis progression risk scores, and altered IL16 and TRAIL signaling.
CD4+ regulatory T cells in non-responders demonstrated elevated LGALS9 expression with inferred GALECTIN signaling toward cytotoxic lymphocytes, alongside correlated HAVCR2 and TIGIT co-expression.
Mature natural killer cell subclusters showed distinct enrichment patterns between responders and non-responders.

Cite This Study

Xiong et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a993586636c6408cfa7dcac https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.71345

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