Literature review reveals intrahepatic portal vein anatomical variants occur in up to 37% of individuals, highlighting the necessity of preoperative 3D imaging for surgical safety.
Key Points
To review the frequency and patterns of intrahepatic portal vein anatomical variations and assess their clinical significance for patient safety in hepatobiliary surgery.
Reviewed clinical literature regarding anatomical variations of the intrahepatic portal vein and their associated surgical complications.
Evaluated the utility of three-dimensional vascular modeling and artificial intelligence applications in preoperative hepatobiliary planning.
Non-standard portal vein branching occurs in up to 37% of patients.
Key clinical variants include main trunk trifurcation, early origin of the right posterior branch, absent main trunk bifurcation, and right segmental branches arising from the left branch.
Unidentified variations increase the risk of massive intraoperative hemorrhage, parenchymal ischemic damage, and iatrogenic bile duct injury.