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September 3, 2026ChemistrySelectOpen Access

Fluorination‐Enforced Planarization for Enhanced Charge‐Transfer Stability in Cyclopentadithiophene–Benzothiadiazole Monomers

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Authors

ICImen ChérifMMMouslim MessaliBABakhet A. Alqurashy

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Overview

Computational study demonstrates fluorination-driven planarization and energy stabilization in cyclopentadithiophene–benzothiadiazole monomers, highlighting strategies for organic photovoltaics.

Key Points

  • To investigate how progressive fluorination controls structural planarity, charge distribution, and electronic energy alignment in cyclopentadithiophene–benzothiadiazole monomers.
  • Evaluated three cyclopentadithiophene–benzothiadiazole (CDT-BT) monomers with progressive fluorination states (unfluorinated A1, monofluorinated A2, and difluorinated A3).
  • Performed density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) simulations to compute ground-state geometries, frontier orbitals, and visible absorption spectra.
  • Analyzed noncovalent interactions and electronic delocalization using QTAIM, RDG-NCI, ELF, LOL, Hirshfeld surfaces, and natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations.
  • Fluorination flattened the backbone structure, reducing donor–acceptor dihedral angles from 5.48° in A1 to 0.53° in A3 via stabilizing N⋯H and S⋯F noncovalent contacts.
  • Frontier orbital energies shifted downward from −5.378/−2.725 eV in A1 to −5.489/−2.837 eV in A3, while maintaining a nearly constant energy gap of approximately 2.65 eV.
  • Calculated optical spectra demonstrated dominant HOMO-to-LUMO transitions (>95%) with absorption peaks at 543–548 nm and altered dipole moments of 4.152 D in A2 and 3.991 D in A3.

Cite This Study

Chérif et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a993600636c6408cfa7eb2dhttps://doi.org/10.1002/slct.74144
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