Numerical modeling and PIV validation of gas-liquid two-phase wall-attachment jet flow with a small offset ratio: A case study at D/b=0.2

The internal flow characteristics of a gas-liquid wall-attachment fluidic component in the small-offset-ratio regime were investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV), with D/b = 0.2. A stable wall-attached jet and an upstream recirculation region were observed at flow rates of 3 to 5 m 3 /h. The influence of flow rate on the internal flow structure was analyzed, and a method for determining the wall-attachment point was proposed. To further understand the flow behavior, numerical simulations were performed using different turbulence and two-phase flow models. The results indicate that the SST turbulence model combined with a free-surface two-phase flow model can accurately reproduce the wall-attachment phenomenon and the associated pressure difference in gas-liquid flow. Based on the PIV measurements, a numerical model for the two-phase flow in the investigated small-offset-ratio fluidic component at D/b = 0.2 was established. Validation against experimental data shows that the model predicts the attachment offset distance within 5%. The proposed numerical approach provides a basis for predicting the main flow characteristics and wall-attachment behavior and for conducting subsequent parametric analyses of the investigated configuration.