The x-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy and first-principles calculations were combined to study the local and electronic structures of rutile Co:TiO2 thin film with room-temperature ferromagnetism. It was revealed that the CoTi2+ substituting the Ti site forms CoTi2+-VO complex with the O vacancy generated in the annealing process. The O vacancy induces a spin-split donor impurity band with a t2g character within the gap region. We proposed that the strong exchange interaction between the localized carriers captured by O vacancy and the substitutional Co ions leads to the ferromagnetism of the Co:TiO2 thin film.
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Yan et al. (2009) studied this question.
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