Diversity of forest flies and their responses to environmental changes in eastern Inner Mongolia

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Through meticulous specimen classification and collation, a total of 41,912 flies, belonging to 42 families, were collected. The α-diversity analysis reveals significant differences (P<0.05) across diverse regions and habitats. Specifically, the flies diversity in the semi - humid zone is higher than that in the semi - arid zone. Moreover, the taiga - hardwood mixed forest and plantation forest exhibit relatively high levels of α-diversity. In the context of β-diversity, the heterogeneity among different regions is at a medium level, jointly determined by βsim and βsne, with βsim playing a dominant role. Conversely, the β-diversity among different habitats shows a relatively high degree of similarity, with no distinct heterogeneity. Results from the RDA and GAM indicate that climate and soil factors have a high explanatory power for flies diversity. Potential evapotranspiration, soil total nitrogen and total potassium emerge as the critical factors influencing flies diversity, soil porosity is the decisive factor, while the NDVI demonstrates varying effects in different models. Overall, the flies diversity in the forests of eastern Inner Mongolia is at a relatively high level. Multiple environmental factors have thresholds in their impacts on flies, and these impacts vary across different environments.\