Oilseed quality requirements for processing

Current oilseed trade and trading specifications for soybeans, rapeseed, sunflower seed, palm kernels and copra are reviewed and compared with crude oil quality specifications, palm oil included. The limitations of the quality indices of the oilseeds are discussed with reference to present day needs of refiners producing end products of good quality, stability and yield. The developing, more stringent demands of physical refining on crude oil quality are outlined. The influence of seed quality, handling and the capability of the crusher to influence quality and yield with current technology is assessed. Particular reference is made to the degree of extraction, phosphatides, chlorophyll, waxes, free fatty acids and bleachability. Desirable attributes in specifications are listed and recommendations made which could benefit both processor and grower in the long term and facilitate international trade.