Cardiovascular mortality among munitions workers exposed to nitroglycerin and dinitrotoluene.
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Key result
Exposure to nitroglycerin or dinitrotoluene did not show a chronic effect on cardiovascular disease risk, although ischemic heart disease mortality was significantly increased among actively exposed workers under 45 years of age (RR 3.30).
Why the study?
Does occupational exposure to nitroglycerin or dinitrotoluene increase cardiovascular mortality in munitions workers?
Population
15,654 white male workers from a US Army munitions facility in Radford, Virginia.
Comparison
Occupational exposure to nitroglycerin or… vs Unexposed workers at the same facility and the…
Design
Cohort
Follow-up
Followed from January 1, 1949 to December 31, 1982
Authors
Discussion
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Implication
Active exposure may elevate IHD mortality in young munitions workers; leaves open chronic cardiovascular effects.
Study Design
Type
Cohort (n=13,142)
Multicenter
No
Structured PICO
Does occupational exposure to nitroglycerin or dinitrotoluene increase cardiovascular mortality in munitions workers?
P
Population
13,142 white male munitions workers, including those exposed to nitroglycerin or dinitrotoluene and unexposed controls, followed retrospectively for cardiovascular mortality until 1982.
E
Exposure
Occupational exposure to nitroglycerin or dinitrotoluene (DNT).
C
Comparator
Unexposed workers at the same facility and the general United States population.
O
Outcome
Mortality from ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease.hard clinical
Main Result
Relative Risk: 1.07
Active occupational exposure to nitroglycerin significantly increases the risk of ischemic heart disease mortality in young workers (<45 years), though chronic exposure did not show an overall increased cardiovascular risk.
Limitations
- Potential biases related to the company's medical screening program (healthy worker effect).
- Inability to control for other important cardiovascular risk factors, particularly tobacco smoking.
- Potential misclassification errors in qualitative exposure categories.
- Lack of quantitative estimates for nitroglycerin exposure due to missing dermal exposure data.
- Potential biases related to the company's medical screening program (healthy worker effect) may have limited the ability to detect chronic cardiovascular effects
- Lack of quantitative estimates for nitroglycerin exposure due to unavailable dermal exposure data
Cite This Study
Stayner et al. (1992) conducted a cohort in Cardiovascular mortality (n=13,142). Nitroglycerin and dinitrotoluene vs. Unexposed workers was evaluated on Ischemic heart disease mortality (nitroglycerin exposed vs unexposed) (SRR 1.07). Exposure to nitroglycerin or dinitrotoluene did not show a chronic effect on cardiovascular disease risk, although ischemic heart disease mortality was significantly increased among actively exposed workers under 45 years of age (RR 3.30).
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