Features of Precision Measurement of Electrical Energy at Industrial Frequency

Measurement of electrical energy is of great importance in various areas, as it provides control and optimization of energy consumption, technical monitoring and diagnostics of equipment, efficient use of energy resources, accounting and settlements for consumed electricity, etc. When measurement of energy, the amount of energy consumed over a certain period of time is determined. Accurate energy measurement helps to identify energy-consuming processes or equipment and make decisions about modernization or changing the operating mode to reduce costs. Electric energy meters allow you to accurately record the amount of energy consumed. Standards of electric power and energy are used to calibrate and verify electrical energy measuring instruments. They have a different structural structure, which ensures the reproduction of various practically used units of measurement of electric energy. International comparisons of national standards of electric power and energy are carried out, which become the basis for the calibration and measurement capabilities (CMC) of national laboratories. For measurements of active and reactive alternating current electrical energy at power frequency, high-precision standards are used, which are built on the basis of a traditional structural scheme. Only a small number of laboratories of national metrology institutes and designated institutes have published CMC records in the Key Comparison Database (KCDB) of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) for the measurement of active and reactive electrical energy. These laboratories have measurement uncertainties within quite wide limits over a wide range of energy values: for active energy from 16 to 700 ppm; for reactive energy from 16 to 400 ppm.