Using off-the-shelf biosensors to implement gateways for alarm-system nanonetworks

DNA-based nanonetworks hold great promise for future biomedical applications, especially in the areas of early disease detection and targeted therapy. However, reliably transmitting information from the nanoscale to external monitoring systems remains a major challenge. This paper explores using commercially available continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors as gateways between in vivo nanonetworks and external devices. We propose a novel architecture in which DNA-based nanosensors release glucose as a signaling molecule when disease-relevant biomarkers are detected. CGM systems can detect these glucose surges, enabling real-time external communication. After analyzing various biosensor types, we found that CGM sensors are the most viable option due to their widespread availability, biocompatibility, and ability to measure biochemical signals. We present several architectural alternatives, calculate the required signal strength for reliable detection, and discuss potential experimental validation strategies. Our findings highlight a feasible and practical pathway toward integrating nanoscale diagnostics with existing biosensing technologies.