Key result
CardioID, an approach extracting features from heart rate variability for secure device pairing keys across ECG and BCG signals, was evaluated in 25 subjects.
Why the study?
Usably secure ad-hoc device pairing is needed to foster connectivity with hardware that is difficult to access, such as implanted medical devices, and provide convenience for short-term pairing patterns.
CardioID provides a novel approach for secure, interaction-free device pairing using heart rate variability features extracted from ECG and BCG signals.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May enable secure pairing for implanted cardiac devices; leaves open clinical validation of HRV-derived keys.
Usably secure ad-hoc device pairing fosters connectivity with hardware which is difficult to access (e.g., implanted) and grants convenience for ad-hoc short-term on-off pairing patterns (e.g. shared public domain). Examples are medical devices or fitness equipment. We present CardioID, an approach to extract features from heart rate variability for secure pairing keys that change with the randomness inherited in heart operation. Our processing chain is compatible with electrocardiogram (ECG, voltage), as well as ballistocardiogram (BCG, acceleration) type signals. Dissimilarities in locally generated sequences are accounted for using fuzzy cryptography exploiting Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem (BCH) codes. We propose a quantization to derive secure keys for cross BCG-ECG device pairing from heart-rate variability and analyze the performance in (inter- and intra-subject) BCG-to-ECG pairing. A secure communication protocol for Body Area Networks (BAN) is discussed. The attack surface of the protocol is analyzed, and we conduct a video-based attack study. In addition, two case studies with 5 (laboratory) and 20 (controlled in-field) subjects were conducted.
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Zuo et al. (2022) studied this question. CardioID (ECG-BCG agnostic device pairing) was evaluated on Performance in inter- and intra-subject BCG-to-ECG pairing and attack surface. CardioID, an approach extracting features from heart rate variability for secure device pairing keys across ECG and BCG signals, was evaluated in 25 subjects.
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