High-density, barren-cage environments are provided for most hens kept for egg production. Beak trimming, toenail removal, decreasing group size, increasing space per hen, and certain alterations in cage design increase well-being and productivity of individual hens. Preliminary evidence indicates that selection may significantly improve adaptation via changes in behavioral characteristics.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
J.V. Craig (1982) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: