The difference between the magnetic field at which a specific nuclear magnetic resonance occurs in a metal and the field at which the same resonance occurs in a nonmetallic compound is known as the Knight shift. The prediction of this shift is a straightforward and sensitive test of electronic wave functions in metals. An elementary derivation of the relationship between the Knight shift and the electronic wave functions is presented here. The current experimental and theoretical situation is briefly reviewed. Also included is a derivation of the S state magnetic hyperfine interaction Hamiltonian.
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Frederick J. Milford (1960) studied this question.