Shaped Lens-Like Dome for UWB Antennas With a Gaussian-Like Radiation Pattern

A multi-shell lens-like dome antenna (LLDA) with an axis-symmetrical Gaussian-like radiation pattern is presented. The dome profile is optimized using in-house software based on the genetic algorithm and Geometrical Optics/Physical Optics technique. Stable radiation characteristics are achieved within the entire V-band (50-75 GHz), thanks to the optimized shape and also the introduction of two matching layers inside and outside of the dome. The dome core and matching layers of the LLDA are fabricated in Rexolite and foam, respectively. A good agreement between the measured and simulated data is obtained. The capability of a multi-shell dome antenna to produce a low-dispersive gain and Gaussian-like radiation pattern is illustrated.