Influence of the landscape structure on the butterfly(Lepidoptera, Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea) and bird (Aves) taxocoenoses in Veľké Leváre(SW Slovakia).

kalivoda H, Petrovic F., kalivodova e., kurthy, A. influence of the landscape structure on the butterfly (Lepidoptera, Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea) and bird (Aves) taxocoenoses in veľke Levare (SW Slovakia). ekologia (Bratislava), vol. 29, no. 4, p. 337-359, 2010. The paper offers the view of the landscape structure development of veľke Levare village (SW Slovakia) in three time horizons (year 1842, 1960, and 2008), in the relation with biodiversity of the surveyed area as well as butterfly and bird (Aves) taxocoenoses development. From the half of the 19th century, when the village used to have the character of agricultural country, the landscape structure of veľke Levare has undergone huge changes. The main changes appeared in the forest vegetation. oak forests with pine tree additions (with 42% area) have been changed into coniferous cultures during the century. Permanent grasslands that achieve near the 6% of the cadastre area have experienced the largest surface decrease. even 94 species of butterflies and 169 bird species have been recognized in the monitored model groups of animals. Landscape structure changes highly affected butterfly and bird taxocoenoses in meadows and forests and in wetland habitats, in the case of birds as well.