An ideal black material absorbs light perfectly over all wavelengths and is totally nonreflective. Material and structural design are crucial to the management of reflectivity. Here, we report a three-dimensionally designed (3D) silicon structure consisting of silicon pillars. To our knowledge, this 3D hierarchical surface has the lowest specular reflectance among silicon-based materials reported to date.
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Cho et al. (2014) studied this question.
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