Polymerization and subsequent gelation of silicic acid in water were catalyzed by amines and polyamines. Particularly effective were poly(allylamine), poly(lysine), and poly(arginine), which promoted spontaneous gelation. The resultant silica gel contained a sizable portion of amines, which altered the surface properties of silica gel.
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Mizutani et al. (1998) studied this question.
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