Key result
African populations had a higher frequency of the spasm-associated G192 allele in PON1 Q192R, similar to Japanese, but lower frequencies of T298 and -C786 alleles compared to Caucasians.
Cross-Sectional (n=433)
Yes
African populations exhibit distinct genetic polymorphism frequencies related to coronary artery spasm compared to Caucasians, sharing some similarities with Japanese populations.
Ancestry-specific PON1 allele frequencies require cautious interpretation; leaves open whether they modify spasm risk or therapy response in Africans.
Three polymorphisms, Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Q192R (C/G), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) E298D (G/T) and eNOS T-786C have been suggested to be potentially associated with coronary artery spasm in Japanese patients. Data on worldwide populations are needed to clarify whether these associations could hold true for other populations. However, few data are available especially in Africans, spasm of which has been suggested to be an aetiology of myocardial infarction. Therefore, these polymorphisms were investigated in three Africans, Ovambos (n = 123), Ghanians (n = 118) and Xhosas (n = 96), together with Japanese (n = 96), by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Genotype-distributions of all these SNPs in African populations were significantly different from those in Caucasians, whereas were similar to those in Japanese population. African populations exhibit relatively higher frequency of spasm-associated G192 allele in PON1 Q192R being similar to Japanese population, however frequencies of spasm-associated T298 allele and -C786 allele in SNP eNOS E298D and T-786C, respectively, were conversely lower in Africans than Caucasians. Although healthy subjects have been recruited in this study, these findings may provide genetic background for elucidation of aetiology of spasm.
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Fujihara et al. (2011) conducted a cross-sectional in Coronary artery spasm (genetic susceptibility) (n=433). PON1 Q192R, eNOS E298D, and eNOS T-786C gene polymorphisms vs. Caucasians and Japanese populations was evaluated on Genotype distributions of PON1 Q192R, eNOS E298D, and eNOS T-786C. African populations had a higher frequency of the spasm-associated G192 allele in PON1 Q192R, similar to Japanese, but lower frequencies of T298 and -C786 alleles compared to Caucasians.
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