Key result
Excess intake of retinoic acid, especially during pregnancy, enhances the risk of developing congenital heart diseases by modulating genes associated with embryonic development.
Why the study?
Retinoic acid intake, especially during pregnancy, enhances the risk of congenital heart disease, prompting the need to discuss this association, prevention, and treatment options.
Does excess intake of retinoic acid during pregnancy increase the risk of congenital heart disease?
Excess intake of retinoic acid during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of congenital heart disease, highlighting the need for proper counseling for female patients.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports counseling on retinoic acid avoidance in pregnancy; leaves open prospective validation of risk magnitude.
Retinoic acid (RA), a derivative of vitamin A, plays an essential role in human beings during growth and development. Intake of vitamin A in body is by eitheranimal/plant diet or use of medication to treat skin problems and cancer. Adequate intake of retinoic acid is critical as high and low quantities of retinoid lead todevelopmental defect by acting through retinoid receptors present in human body, which actively modulate many signaling pathways and control embryonic development and differentiation. Excess intake of RA cause congenital heart diseases (CHD) by up and down regulation of genes associated with CHD. Therefore, intake of retinoic acid or other analogous drugs especially during pregnancy enhances the risk of developing CHD. Physician and pharmacist should provide proper counseling to female patients about the benefits and risks of drugs prescribed during pregnancy. Furthermore, advancement in therapies likes surgery, angioplasty and tissue engineering used for the treatment of CHD. This review discusses an association between retinoic acid and CHD, its prevention and treatment options available.
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Siddiqui et al. (2021) conducted a review in Congenital Heart Disease. Retinoic acid was evaluated. Excess intake of retinoic acid, especially during pregnancy, enhances the risk of developing congenital heart diseases by modulating genes associated with embryonic development.
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