A laboratory study of dissolved noble gas anomaly due to ice formation

In controlled laboratory experiments on the growth of frazil and columnar ice from sea water, we found that with the exception of helium, the dissolved noble gases were enriched in the water. Approximately 10% of neon, 45% of argon, 60% of krypton, and 50% of xenon were excluded from the ice while helium was enriched by 26% in the ice.