Optimal parameter extraction of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on a new Harris Hawks Optimization algorithm

This paper presents a new method for optimal parameter selection of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFCs) based on a new optimization algorithm. The main purpose is to minimize the total of the squared deviations (TSD) between the actual output voltage and the estimated data. The minimization is performed based on a new modified Harris Hawks Optimization (IHHO) algorithm to develop the performance of the algorithm. The method is then performed to three different case studies and the results were compared with the state of art methods from the literature. The results have been applied to Horizon H-12, Ballard Mark V, NedSstack PS6 of 6 kW and the TSD values for the case studies are 0.0594, 0.014, and 2.0164, respectively, that are the minimum values with the minimum std values (0.0016, 0.014, and 0.0189) for the case studies compared with the other methods from the literature. The results also indicated that the minimum consumed time for the suggested IHHO with 4.75 and 3.80 for Horizon H-12 and Ballard Mark V, respectively.