Using a Solution Crystal Growth Method To Grow Arrays of Aligned, Individually Distinct, Single-Crystalline TiO2 Nanoneedles within Nanocavities

Arrays of aligned, single-crystalline TiO2 nanoneedles can be obtained within patterned nanocavities when a solution crystal growth process is performed under an applied electric field. The synthesis of these TiO2 needles, which possess either the rutile or anatase phase, is sensitive to the pH of the solution phase during the growth process.