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Second-harmonic generation of femtosecond, intense Ti:sapphire laser pulses is described in three 1-mm-thick nonlinear crystals of KDP (KH2PO4), CLBO (CsLiB6O10) and BBO (β-BaB2O4) in type I phase-matching geometry. The phase-matching bandwidth is insufficient for BBO. Spectral modulation due to cubic nonlinearity becomes significant at 200 GW/cm2 for KDP and 30 GW/cm2 for CsLiB6O10. The energy conversion efficiencies obtained at incident intensities where the spectral modulations scarcely change the temporal profile of the second harmonic were 20% for both the crystals. Numerical calculations including the effects of cubic nonlinearity and group-velocity mismatch explained the experimental results. It is found that a 1-mm KDP crystal gives the most efficient conversion for high-power, 100 fs pulses.
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Tamaki et al. (1998) studied this question.
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