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High‐resolution analysis of spin‐allowed and spin‐forbidden VUV d → f luminescence of a heavy rare earth ion in a wide band gap host crystal clearly yields zero‐phonon lines, indicating intermediate coupling. Although the chosen system (LiYF4 : Er3+) has a complicated ground‐state structure, zero‐phonon lines for nearly all of the eight Stark levels of the ground state are observed. Striking similarities between d → f and f → f emission support the assignments. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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Chen et al. (2003) studied this question.
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