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5 While the accumulation of means of production is considered normal, Elwert (cf. Elwert 1987) identified another type of accumulation: venal accumulation. He argues that terms like corruption or bribery conceal the general pattern of commoditization of public goods and services in a number of developing societies, to which I would also add transformation societies.
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Heiko Schrader (2004) studied this question.
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