Efficient flexible multibody dynamic analysis via improved C0 absolute nodal coordinate formulation-based element

Considering that the existing C1 absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) elements must satisfy C1 continuity, herein a four-node plane C0 ANCF element is proposed to overcome current limitations. The existing C1 ANCF elements, including differential degrees of freedom, cannot use various element types, and require considerable computation time. To overcome this limitation, a C0 derivation process for the ANCF element is proposed. Further, the incompatible mode is applied to improve the performance of the C0 ANCF elements. Moreover, the proper orthogonal decomposition method is applied to improve the calculational efficiency.