The Impact of a Limited Field-of-View on Computed Hemodynamics in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Evaluating the Feasibility of Completing Ultrasound Segmentations with Parametric Geometries

Figures

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  FIGURE 1. Graphical illustration of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with the field-of-view of computed tomography (CT) (black dotted line) and that corresponding to ultrasound (US) imaging (gray striped line). Figure adopted from Disseldorp et al.28

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  FIGURE 2. Framework to create patient-specific (middle, blue), parametric inlet (top, green) and parametric bifurcation (bottom, red) geometries for a single patient. The asterisk in the Hemodyn segmentation indicates the termination node.

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  FIGURE 3. Overview of the original, patient-specific geometries (blue), geometries with parametric inlet (green) and geometries with parametric bifurcation (red) for all patients. The aneurysm region is identical for all meshes.The colored symbols indicate which geometries will be highlighted in the other figures.

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  FIGURE 4. (a) visualization of the percentual difference in inlet length \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$(\hbox {L}_{\text{in}})$$\end{document}(Lin) and the angle (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\alpha _{\text{in}}$$\end{document}αin) between the patient-specific and parametric inlet. (b) Visualization of the percentual difference in left iliac radius and length \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$(\hbox {r}_{\text{L}}$$\end{document}(rL and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs}…

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  FIGURE 5. Visualization of the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {WSS}_{\text{sys}}$$\end{document}WSSsys, TAWSS, and OSI resulting from CFD simulations for the patient-specific and parametric inlet geometries of patients AAA7, AAA8, AAA10 and AAA13.

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  FIGURE 6. Visualization of the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$99{\text{th}}$$\end{document}99th percentile (a) and median (b) absolute percentual point-wise difference in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {WSS}_{\text{sys}}$$\end{document}WSSsys, TAWSS and OSI for the parametric inlet geometries (dark) and parametric inlet geometries with the same length as the patient-specific geometry (light). The bold number on top of each boxplot indicates the median. The values for the selected patients are highlighted (see legend) and the values for the other patients are plotted as black dots.

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  FIGURE 7. Visualization of the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {WSS}_{\text{sys}}$$\end{document}WSSsys, TAWSS, and OSI resulting from CFD simulations for the patient-specific and parametric bifurcation geometries of patients AAA2, AAA3, AAA8 and AAA12.

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  FIGURE 8. Visualization of the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$99{\text{th}}$$\end{document}99th percentile (a) and median (b) absolute percentual point-wise difference in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\hbox {WSS}_{\text{sys}}$$\end{document}WSSsys, TAWSS and OSI for the parametric bifurcation geometries (dark) and single outlet geometries (light). The bold number on top of each boxplot indicates the median. The values for the selected patients are highlighted (see legend) and the values for the other patients are plotted as black dots.