Extreme resistance to Potato Virus Y in potato carrying the Ry sto gene is mediated by a TIR-NLR immune receptor

Potato virus Y (PVY) is a major potato pathogen that causes annual losses of billions of dollars. Control of its transmission requires extensive use of environmentally damaging insecticides. Ry sto confers extreme resistance (ER) to PVY and is a valuable trait in resistance breeding programs. We isolated Ry sto using Resistance gene enrichment sequencing (RenSeq) and PacBio SMRT (Pacific Biosciences Single-Molecule Real Time Sequencing). Ry sto encodes a nucleotide binding-leucine rich repeat (NLR) protein with an N-terminal TIR domain, and is sufficient for PVY perception and extreme resistance in transgenic potato plants. We investigated the requirements for Ry sto -dependent extreme resistance, and showed that Ry sto function is temperature-independent and requires EDS1 and NRG1 proteins. Ry sto may prove valuable for creating PVY-resistant cultivars of potato and other Solanaceae crops.