The influence of rare‐earth additives, such as La, Nd, Sm, and Gd, and poling conditions on the electromechanical properties of (Pb 1−3 x /2 Ln x )(Ti 0.98 Mn 0.02 )O 3 compositions, x = 0.04–0.12, were investigated. The type and amount of additive were found to affect the lattice anisotropy, dielectric constant, and electromechanical properties. A large electromechanical anisotropy ( k t / k p ) could be obtained in 10 mol% Sm‐modified and 8 mol% Gd‐modified lead titanate ceramics, and seemed to correlate to a low Poisson's ratio.
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Suwannasiri et al. (1993) studied this question.
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