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Left ventricular rupture after mitral valve replacement occurred in 0.24% of patients and carried a high mortality rate of 61.5% (8 of 13 cases).
Case Report (n=5,449)
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Left ventricular rupture after mitral valve replacement is a rare (0.24%) but highly lethal complication (61.5% mortality) requiring immediate diagnosis and urgent surgical intervention.
Left ventricular rupture after mitral valve replacement is a rare but lethal complication. Between 1995 and 2003, left ventricular rupture occurred in 13 of 5,449 patients who underwent mitral valve replacement, with an incidence of 0.24%. There were 4 immediate ruptures and 9 delayed ruptures. Urgent repair of the rupture was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass in 11 cases. All mitral prostheses were explanted. External repair alone was performed in one patient. External repair combined with internal repair was performed in 10 patients. Two patients died of cardiac tamponade and failure of cardiac resuscitation. Of the 11 patients who had a re-operation, 6 died in hospital and 5 survived. The mortality was 61.5% (8/13). At a mean follow-up of 4 years, 2 patients were in New York Heart Association functional class II and 3 were in class III. Proper diseased valve removal, decalcification, and prosthesis selection could minimize the incidence of left ventricular rupture. Immediate diagnosis and urgent surgical intervention are crucial for successful repair.
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Zhang et al. (2006) conducted a case report in Left ventricular rupture after mitral valve replacement (n=5,449). Mitral valve replacement was evaluated on Left ventricular rupture. Left ventricular rupture after mitral valve replacement occurred in 0.24% of patients and carried a high mortality rate of 61.5% (8 of 13 cases).
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