An ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunoassay was introduced into microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μ-PADs) based on a multiple electron transfer system for the first time, which was constructed using narrow-band-gap semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs), wide-band-gap semiconductor NPs, and an electron-accepting medium.
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Wang et al. (2013) studied this question.
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