Why the study?
Preparticipation medical sports evaluation requires clear guidance for clearance, addressing both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular contraindications, as well as legal aspects of sports practice contraindications.
This consensus document provides updated guidelines for medical professionals to determine sports eligibility and contraindications, particularly focusing on cardiovascular conditions to prevent sudden death in athletes.
Guides clinicians on athlete eligibility to mitigate sudden cardiac death; extends prior consensus with a standardized Red-Orange-Yellow-Green classification.
Main purpose of sports medicine is reaching the health care of the athlete, not only from the point of view of treatment, but also from the point of view of prevention. The performance of preparticipation medical sports evaluation, one of the main attributions of this specialty, is aimed at the discovery of pathologies, diseases or alterations that may affect health. They might range from situations that can trigger deadly incidents, to those without putting life at risk, can affect the health or performance of the athlete. Adequate implementation of preparticipation medical sports evaluation implies the diagnosis of medical problems that must be analyzed, from other points of view such as the perspective of fitness for sport practice. In addition, the doctor in charge must have a guide for clearance for sports practice. In case of non-authorization, time for non-sports activities must be recommended in order to decrease injury risks. Cardiovascular pathologies are the best-known contraindications in sport practice, treated extensively in the literature. However, there are also contraindications secondary to problems or issues of the rest of apparatus organs and systems of the organism, knowing that the athlete represents an entity in which physical exercise affects all their sets. This document highlights those contraindications already discussed above and analyzes the legal aspects of sports practice contraindications. Medical professionals are responsible for managing the pre-participation medical sports evaluation as well as the documentary aspects that support it.
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Marqueta et al. (2023) conducted a review in Contraindications to sports participation. Pre-participation physical evaluation guidelines was evaluated. The Spanish Society of Sports Medicine consensus document provides updated guidelines for determining cardiovascular and other systemic contraindications to sports participation.
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