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The stripline pedestal anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (SPARROW) is an efficient and robust coupling device for silica microsphere whispering-gallery-mode excitation. The concept incorporates alternating layers of Si and SiO/sub 2/, designed to isolate the mode of the sphere and the waveguide from the dielectric substrate. Experimental characterizations of this coupling technique are presented, including displacement measurements, and whispering-gallery-mode intensity mapping. Power extraction efficiencies of over 98% are reported.
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Laine et al. (2000) studied this question.
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